anemia

	Definition Anemia can be classified according to several criteria, but the most is a practical way of grouping based on the occurrence of post-Anemia bleeding, anemia hemolitik, defisiensi anemia, anemia and anemia aplastik because of violence. CAUSE Production of blood that is not enough (because defisiensi or bone marrow failure), excessive blood loss, excessive destruction of blood or a combination from these factors. Loss of blood and chronicles the secret, for example, in ankilostomiasis, cause anemia defisiensi Fe, while the other occurred between hemolisis defisiensi on G6PD and talasemia. Clinical Overview - Anemia due to the sudden loss of blood and many will homeostatis compensation body. Acute blood loss as much as 12 - 15% will give the symptoms of pale, takikardia with normal blood pressure or low. Lost 15 - 20% cause blood pressure to drop shock, and 20% loss can result in death. - Anemia defisiensi marked with a limp, often pulse, tired and grouchy headaches. Papil appear atrofi tongue. Heart swell and sometimes sounds murmur sistolik. At the edge of the blood picture appear anemic and hipokrom mikrositer, while low serum iron content. - Defisiensi acid and vitamin B12 anemia folat cause megaloblastik which may be accompanied by neurological symptoms. - Anemia hemolitik be followed by an increase in blood bilirubin (ikterus). Spleen is generally limited. - Anemia aplastik visible from the low rate of Hb and other systemic symptoms, without enlarging the organ. Diagnosis Inspection rate and blood Hb edge. general Hb <12 g / dl. Treatment guidelines in the Basic health 2007 15 Dealing - Successful treatment depends greatly on the ability to enforce on the level of early diagnosis. - Anemia pascaperdarahan overcome by transfusion of 10 - 20 ml / kgBB, or plasma expander. If there is no both, intravenous fluids the other can also be used. - Impact of slow can be overcome with packed red cell transfusion. - Anemia defisiensi iron overcome with adequate food, sulfas ferosus 10 mg / day kgBB 3 x Iron or shut 1mg/kgBB/hari - Anemia megaloblastik specific treatment, therefore, must be distinguished cause, defisiensi vitamin B12 or defisiensi acid folat. Doses of vitamin B12 100 mcg / day im, for 5 - 10 days as initial therapy followed by therapy rumat 100-200 mcg / be achieved remisi until months. Dose of acid folat 0.5 - 1mg/hari in oral for 10 days, resumed with 0.1 to 0.5 mg / day. The use of oral vitamin B12 is not no use in anemia pernisiosa. In addition, the thin oral more expensive. - Hemolisis autoimun overcome by prednison 2 - 5 mg / kgBB / day and peroral testosteron 1 - 2 mg / kgBB / day iv, for the long term. - Blood transfusion given only when it is needed. - Refer to the hospital
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